The visions in chs. 3 and 4 are concerned, respectively, with the priesthood and the kingship, which are both related to the rebuilding of the temple (see note Ezra 5:11). The vision in ch. 3 concerning Joshua was to strengthen Joshua the high priest in the priesthood, whereas the vision of the golden lampstand and the two olive trees in this chapter was to strengthen Zerubbabel the governor of Judah in the kingship. In ch. 3 Joshua was measured (see note Zech. 3:11a, par. 2), resulting in his being strengthened and established through the cleansing. In ch. 4 Zerubbabel was measured so that he might be strengthened and established to continue and complete the rebuilding of the temple.