After Moses expressed his discouragement and bewilderment to the Lord (Exo. 5:22-23), Jehovah God came in to reconfirm His name and His covenant (vv. 1-8). He also gave Moses further training concerning six matters:
1) God’s word of assurance (vv. 1, 6-8, 26; 7:4-5);
2) the unbelief of the children of Israel (vv. 9, 12);
3) Pharaoh’s stubbornness (Exo. 7:3-4);
4) Moses’ natural concept in cleaving to his uncircumcised lips (vv. 12, 30);
5) God’s ordaining of Moses to bring the children of Israel out of Egypt (vv. 26-29);
6) God’s strong hand and His great acts of judgment (Exo. 7:4), which back up His name, His covenant, and His word of assurance.

Heb. El Shaddai. See note Gen. 17:1^2a.

As El Shaddai, God is the supplying God (Gen. 17:1; 28:3) and the promising God (Gen. 35:11). As Jehovah He is the existing God (Exo. 3:14) and the fulfilling God (Exo. 6:6-8). Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob experienced God as El Shaddai, but they did not experience Him as Jehovah, for they died in faith without receiving the fulfillment of God’s promise (Heb. 11:13; cf. Gen. 15:13-16a). Here, God came not to promise something to Moses but to fulfill the promise He had made to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Thus, He came not as El Shaddai but as Jehovah, the One who is and who will fulfill all that He has promised.

Lit., lifted up My hand; i.e., made an oath, swore (Heb. 6:13-17).

The record in vv. 14-25 is not a full genealogy of Israel’s twelve sons but a record of God’s selection, showing that God had chosen and ordained Moses and Aaron long before they were born (cf. Eph. 1:4; 1 Pet. 1:2). This should have given Moses the assurance that the commission God gave to Moses would be accomplished.