Psalm 129 is the praise of a saint, in his going up to Zion, concerning God’s righteous dealing with the persecutors of Israel and the haters of Zion. Here Israel signifies the New Testament believers (Gal. 6:16), and Zion signifies the overcomers in the church (see note note Psa. 48:21b). The more we love the Lord Jesus, the more we will be hated and persecuted (John 15:18-20a).