Israel’s being likened to a deceitful bow symbolizes that they were rebellious toward God and were not faithful to fight the battle for God’s kingdom.

Israel’s being likened to a silly dove symbolizes that they were lacking the proper knowledge of God in His economy.

This symbolizes that Israel was stubborn, remaining in a “charcoaled” condition and being unwilling to turn to Jehovah.

I.e., the priests.

Lit., it.

The sins of Israel were in two categories: sins in their social life among the people and the rulers (vv. 1-7) and evils in their relationship with Jehovah (vv. 8-16). Israel was wrong with man and also with God.